Russia
Country in Europe
In brief
Area: 17,098,242 km². World rank 1 of 249; in Europe, 1 of 52. Agricultural land: 13.2% (2024). World rank 170 of 209; in Europe, 42 of 45. Precipitation, mm per year: 460 (2022). World rank 146 of 182; in Europe, 37 of 38.
Territory
- Area
- 17,098,242 km²
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 37,653
- Neighbours
- AzerbaijanBelarusChinaEstoniaFinlandGeorgiaKazakhstanNorth KoreaLatviaLithuaniaMongoliaNorwayPolandUkraine
- Agricultural land
- 13.2% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Mount Elbrus, 5,642 m
- Lowest point
- Caspian Sea, -28 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 600
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 4
- Warmest month in the capital
- July, 19°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, -11°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 460 2022
Climate by month: Moscow
July: day 24°C, night 15°C, precipitation 93 mm
Estimate from NASA POWER: averages for 2001–2025 at the capital’s location (grid cell about 50 km across). The city itself is often 1–3 °C warmer in winter.
Table of values
| Month | Day, °C | Night, °C | Precipitation, mm |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | -7 | -14 | 48 |
| February | -6 | -13 | 42 |
| March | 0 | -8 | 43 |
| April | 9 | 0 | 49 |
| May | 18 | 7 | 86 |
| June | 21 | 11 | 86 |
| July | 24 | 15 | 93 |
| August | 22 | 12 | 75 |
| September | 16 | 7 | 64 |
| October | 8 | 1 | 69 |
| November | 0 | -5 | 58 |
| December | -5 | -10 | 52 |