Poland

Country in Europe

In brief

Net migration per year: -330.8K (2025). World rank 211 of 216; in Europe, 47 of 48. Children per woman: 1.1 (2024). World rank 203 of 216; in Europe, 43 of 48. Births per 1,000 people: 6.9 (2024). World rank 202 of 216; in Europe, 40 of 48. From 2015 to 2025: population 38M → 36.4M, population growth per year -0.1% → -0.3%, and living in cities 60.3% → 60.1%.

Population and migration

Population: 36,435,861 2025
Population density: 116.5 per km² 2025
Population growth per year: -0.3% 2025
Living in cities: 60.1% 2025
Net migration per year: -330.8K 2025
Born in another country: 4.5% 2024

Age and life expectancy

Aged 0–14: 14.5% 2025
Aged 15–64: 64.8% 2025
Aged 65 and over: 20.8% 2025
Life expectancy: 78.4 years 2024
Life expectancy, women: 82.2 years 2024
Life expectancy, men: 74.8 years 2024

Births and deaths

Children per woman: 1.1 2024
Births per 1,000 people: 6.9 2024
Deaths per 1,000 people: 11.2 2024

Society

Languages: Polish
Religions: Catholic 70.7% and no religion 6.9% (2021)