Belgium

Country in Europe

In brief

Net migration per year: +32K (2025). World rank 27 of 216; in Europe, 10 of 48. Aged 65 and over: 21% (2025). World rank 28 of 216; in Europe, 23 of 48. Life expectancy: 82.3 years (2024). World rank 31 of 216 (1 = best); in Europe, 19 of 48. From 2015 to 2025: population 11.3M → 11.9M, population growth per year +0.6% → +0.7%, and living in cities 86.2% → 87.7%.

Population and migration

Population: 11,941,781 2025
Population density: 391.2 per km² 2025
Population growth per year: +0.7% 2025
Living in cities: 87.7% 2025
Net migration per year: +32K 2025
Born in another country: 20% 2024

Age and life expectancy

Aged 0–14: 15.7% 2025
Aged 15–64: 63.3% 2025
Aged 65 and over: 21% 2025
Life expectancy: 82.3 years 2024
Life expectancy, women: 84.4 years 2024
Life expectancy, men: 80.3 years 2024

Births and deaths

Children per woman: 1.4 2024
Births per 1,000 people: 9.2 2024
Deaths per 1,000 people: 9.5 2024

Society

Languages: German, French, Dutch
Religions: Catholic 57.1%, no religion 29.3%, Muslim 6.8%, Protestant 2.3%, and other 1.7% (2018)