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Panama

Country in Americas

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In brief

Forest cover: 62.3% (2024). World rank 26 of 213; in Americas, 6 of 46. Renewable fresh water, m³ per person: 31,040 (2022). World rank 19 of 183; in Americas, 8 of 36. Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn: 0.9% (2022). World rank 14 of 178 (1 = best); in Americas, 2 of 35. From 2015 to 2025: protected areas 5.2% → 27.2%. Better than all its neighbours (Colombia and Costa Rica): air pollution PM2.5 and water stress. Worse than all its neighbours (Colombia and Costa Rica): CO₂ emissions and all greenhouse gases.

Air and emissions

Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
15.1 2023
CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
2.7 2024
All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
4.3 2024

Nature and water

Forest cover
62.3% 2024
Protected areas
27.2% 2025
Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
31,040 2022
Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
0.9% 2022