Bosnia and Herzegovina

Country in Europe

In brief

Access to electricity: 100% (2024). World rank 1 of 214 (1 = best); in Europe, 1 of 47. Air passengers per year: 1.6K (2020). World rank 161 of 163; in Europe, 36 of 38. Research spending, share of GDP: 0.2% (2024). World rank 86 of 115 (1 = best); in Europe, 40 of 42. From 2014 to 2024: using the internet 49.9% → 86.1%, mobile subscriptions per 100 people 98 → 121, and home broadband per 100 people 15.2 → 29.4. Worse than all its neighbours (Croatia, Montenegro, and Serbia): home broadband per 100 people, research spending, and researchers per million people.

Internet and communications

Using the internet: 86.1% 2024
Mobile subscriptions per 100 people: 121 2024
Home broadband per 100 people: 29.4 2024
Internet domain: .ba

Energy

Access to electricity: 100% 2024
Electricity use, kWh per person: 3,860 2024
Renewable share of energy use: 36.6% 2021
Electricity from renewables: 39.3% 2021
Electricity from fossil fuels: 61.6% 2024
Mains voltage: 230 V
Plug types: C, F

Transport

Driving side: Right
Air passengers per year: 1,593 2020
Airports: 20 2025
Railways, km: 965 2014

Science and innovation

Research spending, share of GDP: 0.2% 2024
Researchers per million people: 705 2024
Scientific articles per year: 1,083 2023
Patent applications by residents: 34 2024
High-tech share of manufactured exports: 6.2% 2024