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Latvia

Country in Europe

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In brief

Population growth per year: -1% (2025). World rank 208 of 216; in Europe, 45 of 48. Births per 1,000 people: 6.9 (2024). World rank 202 of 216; in Europe, 40 of 48. Deaths per 1,000 people: 14.3 (2024). World rank 4 of 216; in Europe, 4 of 48. From 2015 to 2025: population 2M → 1.8M, population growth per year -0.8% → -1%, and living in cities 67.9% → 68.6%.

Population and migration

Population
1,847,785 2025
Population density
28.6 per km² 2025
Population growth per year
-1% 2025
Living in cities
68.6% 2025
Net migration per year
-7.3K 2025
Born in another country
11.8% 2024

Age and life expectancy

Aged 0–14
15.2% 2025
Aged 15–64
62.6% 2025
Aged 65 and over
22.2% 2025
Life expectancy
76.4 years 2024
Life expectancy, women
81.5 years 2024
Life expectancy, men
71.6 years 2024

Births and deaths

Children per woman
1.2 2024
Births per 1,000 people
6.9 2024
Deaths per 1,000 people
14.3 2024

Society

Languages
Latvian
Religions
Protestant 36.2%, Catholic 19.5%, Orthodox 19.1%, and other Christian 1.6% (2017)