Vietnam
Country in Asia
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 101.6M (2025). World rank 16 of 216; in Asia, 8 of 49. Area: 331,212 km². World rank 68 of 249; in Asia, 19 of 50. GDP: $514.7B (2025). World rank 32 of 210; in Asia, 12 of 47. From 2015 to 2025: population 92.8M → 101.6M, GDP $239.3B → $514.7B, and GDP per person $2,578 → $5,066.
State
- Official name
- Socialist Republic of Vietnam
- Local name
- Việt Nam
- Capital
- Hanoi
- Region
- Asia
- Form of government
- Communist party-led state
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Tô Lâm
- Head of government
- Phạm Minh Chính
- Independence
- September 2, 1945
- Women in parliament
- 31.4% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 101,598,527 2025
- Area
- 331,212 km²
- GDP
- $514.7B 2025
- GDP per person
- $5,066 2025
- Life expectancy
- 74.7 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Vietnamese
- Currency
- Vietnamese Dong (VND)
- Time zones
- UTC+7
- Calling code
- +84
- Emergency numbers
- 113, 114, 115
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- A, C, F, G
- Mains voltage
- 220 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 3,444
- Neighbours
- Cambodia, China, Laos
- Agricultural land
- 39.2% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Fansipan, 3,144 m
- Lowest point
- South China Sea, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 398
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 23
- Warmest month in the capital
- June, 29°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, 15°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 1,821 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 306.7 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +0.6% 2025
- Living in cities
- 38.8% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -48.2K 2025
- Born in another country
- 0.3% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 22.9% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 67.7% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 9.5% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 79.4 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 70.1 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.9 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 13.4 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 6.7 2024
Society
- Religions
- no religion 86.3%, Catholic 6.1%, Buddhist 5.8%, and Protestant 1% (2019)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 55.8 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 45.9 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 56 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 53.1 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 34.5 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $18,088 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +8% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $4,970 2025
- Inflation
- +3.3% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 29 2024
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 11.6% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 37.7% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 42.7% 2025
- Unemployment
- 1.5% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 6.2% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 68.6% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 98.2% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 92.1% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- +6.4% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +4.3% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 5.1% 2004
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 36.1 2022
- Living on under $3 a day
- 1.6% 2022
Education
- Adult literacy
- 96.1% 2022
- Primary school enrolment
- 106% 2024
- Secondary school enrolment
- 93.4% 2022
- Higher education enrolment
- 37.6% 2024
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 2.9% 2022
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 4.6% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $197 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 39.2% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 1.1 2021
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 1.4 2016
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 2.5 2017
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 98% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 12 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 17.3 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 48 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.4% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 3.4% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 18.2% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 21.1% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 98.8% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 95.5% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 91% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 1.5 2011
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 30.6 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 7.3 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 67.7 2025
- Natural hazards
- tropical cyclones and floods
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 24.8 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 4.3 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 5.8 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 47.1% 2024
- Protected areas
- 2.9% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 3,606 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 18.1% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 84.2% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 128 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 23.7 2024
- Internet domain
- .vn
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 2,756 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 24.2% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 41.2% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 55.1% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 55,114,832 2023
- Airports
- 36 2025
- Railways, km
- 2,600 2014
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.4% 2023
- Researchers per million people
- 836 2023
- Scientific articles per year
- 10,644 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 1,226 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 44.3% 2023