Türkiye
Country in Asia
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 85.9M (2025). World rank 18 of 216; in Asia, 10 of 49. Area: 783,562 km². World rank 38 of 249; in Asia, 9 of 50. GDP: $1.6T (2025). World rank 16 of 210; in Asia, 5 of 47. From 2015 to 2025: population 78.2M → 85.9M, GDP $865.5B → $1.6T, and GDP per person $11,065 → $18,599.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Türkiye
- Local name
- Türkiye
- Capital
- Ankara
- Region
- Asia
- Form of government
- Presidential republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
- Head of government
- Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
- Women in parliament
- 19.9% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 85,878,556 2025
- Area
- 783,562 km²
- GDP
- $1.6T 2025
- GDP per person
- $18,599 2025
- Life expectancy
- 77.4 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Turkish
- Currency
- Turkish Lira (TRY)
- Time zones
- UTC+3
- Calling code
- +90
- Emergency numbers
- 112, 177
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- C, F
- Mains voltage
- 230 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 7,200
- Neighbours
- Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Georgia, Greece, Iran, Iraq, Syria
- Agricultural land
- 50.2% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Mount Ararat, 5,137 m
- Lowest point
- Mediterranean Sea, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 1,132
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 10
- Warmest month in the capital
- August, 23°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, -2°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 593 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 109.6 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +0.4% 2025
- Living in cities
- 89.5% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -258.2K 2025
- Born in another country
- 8.1% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 21% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 68.4% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 10.6% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 80.3 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 74.6 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.5 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 11 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 5.7 2024
Society
- Religions
- Muslim 99.8%
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 45.3 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 37.4 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 52.9 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 52.5 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 37.3 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $45,288 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +3.6% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $16,300 2025
- Inflation
- +34.9% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 41 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 5.2% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 24% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 59.4% 2025
- Unemployment
- 8.5% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 16% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 37.2% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 24.9% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 25.1% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- -1.9% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +0.8% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 0.1% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 17.6% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 43.7 2023
- Living on under $3 a day
- 0.2% 2023
Education
- Adult literacy
- 97.3% 2021
- Primary school enrolment
- 102% 2023
- Secondary school enrolment
- 118% 2023
- Higher education enrolment
- 106% 2023
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 3.1% 2022
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 4.3% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $548 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 19.1% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 2.2 2022
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 3.5 2022
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 3.1 2023
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 95% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 8 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 9.6 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 15 2023
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 16.5% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 67.6% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 31.1% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 96% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 99.3% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 98% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 3.2 2023
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 6.7 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 2.7 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 50.2 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, and landslides
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 26.4 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 5.4 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 6.8 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 29.5% 2024
- Protected areas
- 5.7% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 2,671 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 47.9% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 89.8% 2025
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 108 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 23.4 2024
- Internet domain
- .tr
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 3,873 2025
- Renewable share of energy use
- 12% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 35.4% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 56.6% 2025
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 125,940,241 2023
- Airports
- 116 2025
- Railways, km
- 11,497 2018
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 1.4% 2023
- Researchers per million people
- 2,645 2023
- Scientific articles per year
- 50,180 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 10,004 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 5.1% 2024