Tanzania
Country in Africa
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 70.5M (2025). World rank 21 of 216; in Africa, 5 of 54. Area: 945,087 km². World rank 32 of 249; in Africa, 13 of 59. GDP per person: $1,319 (2025). World rank 186 of 210 (1 = best); in Africa, 30 of 52. From 2015 to 2025: population 52M → 70.5M, GDP $47.4B → $90.1B, and GDP per person $939 → $1,319.
State
- Official name
- United Republic of Tanzania
- Local name
- Tanzania
- Capital
- Dodoma
- Region
- Africa
- Form of government
- Presidential republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Samia Suluhu Hassan
- Head of government
- Samia Suluhu Hassan
- Women in parliament
- 39.5% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 70,545,865 2025
- Area
- 945,087 km²
- GDP
- $90.1B 2025
- GDP per person
- $1,319 2025
- Life expectancy
- 67.2 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- English, Swahili
- Currency
- Tanzanian Shilling (TZS)
- Time zones
- UTC+3
- Calling code
- +255
- Emergency numbers
- 112, 114, 115
- Driving side
- Left
- Plug types
- G
- Mains voltage
- 230 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 1,424
- Neighbours
- Burundi, DR Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia
- Agricultural land
- 45.1% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Mount Kibo, 5,895 m
- Lowest point
- Indian Ocean, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 1,018
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 23
- Warmest month in the capital
- November, 25°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- July, 20°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 1,071 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 74.6 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +2.9% 2025
- Living in cities
- 36.9% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -12.7K 2025
- Born in another country
- 0.7% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 42.3% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 54.6% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 3% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 70 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 64.4 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 4.5 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 34.8 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 5.7 2024
Society
- Religions
- Christian 63.1%, Muslim 34.1%, and folk religions 1.1% (2020)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 49.2 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 41.3 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 47.1 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 47 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 43.3 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $4,471 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +5.8% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Lower-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $1,270 2025
- Inflation
- +3.3% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 28 2024
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 22.9% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 29.8% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 28.8% 2025
- Unemployment
- 1.6% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 2.4% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 80.3% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 19% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 20% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- -3% 2024
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +1.9% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 1.4% 2024
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 12.3% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 40.5 2018
- Living on under $3 a day
- 51.3% 2018
Education
- Adult literacy
- 78.2% 2022
- Primary school enrolment
- 92.7% 2024
- Secondary school enrolment
- 28.2% 2021
- Higher education enrolment
- 4% 2024
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 3.2% 2024
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 3.1% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $36 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 27.9% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 0.1 2022
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 0.7 2023
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 0.8 2022
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 84% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 28.7 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 37 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 276 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 3.5% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 9.8% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 32.2% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 7.7% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 64.6% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 37.2% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 11% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 3.8 2020
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 31.1 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 5.1 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 57.3 2025
- Natural hazards
- volcanoes, floods, and droughts
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 20.2 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 0.3 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 1.5 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 49.6% 2024
- Protected areas
- 32.3% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 1,298 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 13% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 31.2% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 127 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 0.3 2024
- Internet domain
- .tz
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 52.4% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 171 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 78.3% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 37.2% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 53.2% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 1,911,063 2023
- Airports
- 206 2025
- Railways, km
- 4,097 2022
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.5% 2013
- Researchers per million people
- 19 2013
- Scientific articles per year
- 1,453 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 1 2015
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 3% 2024