Tajikistan
Country in Asia
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 10.8M (2025). World rank 90 of 216; in Asia, 28 of 49. Area: 143,100 km². World rank 97 of 249; in Asia, 28 of 50. GDP per person: $1,637 (2025). World rank 180 of 210 (1 = best); in Asia, 41 of 47. From 2015 to 2025: population 8.6M → 10.8M, GDP $8.3B → $17.7B, and GDP per person $957 → $1,637.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Tajikistan
- Local name
- Таджикистан
- Capital
- Dushanbe
- Region
- Asia
- Form of government
- Presidential republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Emomali Rahmon
- Head of government
- Kokhir Rasulzoda
- Independence
- September 9, 1991
- Women in parliament
- 28.6% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 10,786,734 2025
- Area
- 143,100 km²
- GDP
- $17.7B 2025
- GDP per person
- $1,637 2025
- Life expectancy
- 71.9 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Russian, Tajik
- Currency
- Tajikistani Somoni (TJS)
- Time zones
- UTC+5
- Calling code
- +992
- Emergency numbers
- 112
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- C, F, I
- Mains voltage
- 220 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Landlocked
- Coastline, km
- 0
- Neighbours
- Afghanistan, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan
- Agricultural land
- 28% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Ismoil Somoni Peak, 7,495 m
- Lowest point
- Syr Darya, 300 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 3,186
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 14
- Warmest month in the capital
- July, 28°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, 1°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 691 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 75.4 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +1.8% 2025
- Living in cities
- 26.2% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -21.6K 2025
- Born in another country
- 2.6% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 35.9% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 60.1% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 4.1% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 74.1 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 69.7 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 3 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 25.3 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 4.6 2024
Society
- Religions
- Muslim 98% and other 2% (2014)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 38.5 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 22.8 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 38.3 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 41.7 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 25.6 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $5,923 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +8.4% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Lower-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $2,080 2025
- Inflation
- +3.4% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 28 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 23.1% 2024
- Industry, share of GDP
- 32.4% 2024
- Services, share of GDP
- 36.5% 2024
- Unemployment
- 6.9% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 14.6% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 21.9% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 11.2% 2024
- Imports, share of GDP
- 47.9% 2024
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- +17.1% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +0.5% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 57.7% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 10.7% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 36.1 2024
- Living on under $3 a day
- 6.1% 2024
Education
- Adult literacy
- 99.7% 2009
- Primary school enrolment
- 95.8% 2024
- Secondary school enrolment
- 86.9% 2024
- Higher education enrolment
- 35.6% 2024
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 5.4% 2023
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 7.4% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $85 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 62.4% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 1.9 2023
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 6.5 2023
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 4 2023
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 98% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 23.5 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 28.1 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 14 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.2% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 8% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 58.9% 2022
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 89.2% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 96% 2023
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 88% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 0.9 2020
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 15.7 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 2.4 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 60.4 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes and floods
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 33.4 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 0.9 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 2.1 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 3.1% 2024
- Protected areas
- 22.6% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 6,232 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 69.9% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 55.8% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 76 2023
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 1 2023
- Internet domain
- .tj
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 99.9% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 1,559 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 34.9% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 93.4% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 7.5% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 690,677 2023
- Airports
- 19 2025
- Railways, km
- 680 2014
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.1% 2020
- Scientific articles per year
- 158 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 1 2019
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 15.2% 2023