Serbia
Country in Europe
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 6.5M (2025). World rank 109 of 216; in Europe, 20 of 48. Area: 88,361 km². World rank 114 of 249; in Europe, 19 of 52. GDP: $100B (2025). World rank 77 of 210; in Europe, 27 of 47. From 2015 to 2025: population 7.1M → 6.5M, GDP $41.3B → $100B, and GDP per person $5,820 → $15,262.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Serbia
- Local name
- Србија
- Capital
- Belgrade
- Region
- Europe
- Form of government
- Parliamentary republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Ana Brnabić
- Head of government
- Đuro Macut
- Independence
- June 5, 2006
- Women in parliament
- 37.2% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 6,549,143 2025
- Area
- 88,361 km²
- GDP
- $100B 2025
- GDP per person
- $15,262 2025
- Life expectancy
- 76 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Serbian
- Currency
- Serbian Dinar (RSD)
- Time zones
- UTC+2
- Calling code
- +381
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- C, F
- Mains voltage
- 230 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Landlocked
- Coastline, km
- 0
- Neighbours
- Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Romania
- Agricultural land
- 38.1% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Midzor, 2,169 m
- Lowest point
- Danube and Timok Rivers, 35 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 442
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 12
- Warmest month in the capital
- July, 24°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, 0°C
Population and migration
- Population density
- 74.1 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- -0.6% 2025
- Living in cities
- 62.6% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -13.1K 2025
- Born in another country
- 10.6% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 14.3% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 62.7% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 23.1% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 78.4 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 73.7 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.6 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 9.2 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 14.9 2024
Society
- Religions
- Orthodox 81.1%, Muslim 4.2%, Catholic 3.9%, and no religion 1.1% (2022)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 53.3 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 35.9 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 53 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 56.5 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 50.1 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $33,910 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +2% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $13,480 2025
- Inflation
- +3.9% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 45 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 3.3% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 22.3% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 59.7% 2025
- Unemployment
- 7.1% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 20.9% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 52.6% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 54.3% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 58.6% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- -4.9% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +3.9% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 6.6% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 23.9% 2022
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 32.8 2023
- Living on under $3 a day
- 1.1% 2023
Education
- Adult literacy
- 99.3% 2022
- Primary school enrolment
- 96% 2024
- Secondary school enrolment
- 89.8% 2024
- Higher education enrolment
- 70.6% 2024
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 3.4% 2023
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 8% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $984 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 32.1% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 3.1 2022
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 6.7 2022
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 5.8 2022
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 84% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 4.6 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 5.4 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 11 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.1% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 10.5% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 54.3% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 39.7% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 95.4% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 97.9% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 89% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 1.3 2023
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 7.5 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 15.1 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 59.9 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 19.3 2023
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 39.2% 2024
- Protected areas
- 14% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 1,261 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 5.7% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 87.7% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 124 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 33.4 2024
- Internet domain
- .rs .срб
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 5,166 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 27.2% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 35% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 66.8% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 3,868,570 2023
- Airports
- 46 2025
- Railways, km
- 3,333 2020
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.9% 2024
- Researchers per million people
- 2,688 2024
- Scientific articles per year
- 5,173 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 139 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 4.6% 2007