Portugal
Country in Europe
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 10.8M (2025). World rank 89 of 216; in Europe, 13 of 48. Area: 92,090 km². World rank 112 of 249; in Europe, 18 of 52. Life expectancy: 82.4 years (2024). World rank 29 of 216 (1 = best); in Europe, 17 of 48. From 2015 to 2025: population 10.4M → 10.8M, GDP $199B → $346.6B, and GDP per person $19,216 → $32,082. Worse than all its neighbours (Spain): life expectancy and GDP per person.
State
- Official name
- Portuguese Republic
- Local name
- Portugal
- Capital
- Lisbon
- Region
- Europe
- Form of government
- Semi-presidential republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- António José Seguro
- Head of government
- Luís Montenegro
- Independence
- December 1, 1640
- Women in parliament
- 35.7% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 10,804,871 2025
- Area
- 92,090 km²
- GDP
- $346.6B 2025
- GDP per person
- $32,082 2025
- Life expectancy
- 82.4 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Portuguese
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Time zones
- UTC, UTC+1
- Calling code
- +351
- Emergency numbers
- 112
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- C, F
- Mains voltage
- 230 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 1,793
- Neighbours
- Spain
- Agricultural land
- 41.3% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Mount Pico, 2,351 m
- Lowest point
- Atlantic Ocean, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 372
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 17
- Warmest month in the capital
- August, 21°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- February, 13°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 854 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 117.3 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +1% 2025
- Living in cities
- 61.5% 2025
- Net migration per year
- +16.5K 2025
- Born in another country
- 10.8% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 12.7% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 62.3% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 24.9% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 85.2 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 79.7 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.4 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 7.9 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 11.1 2024
Society
- Religions
- Catholic 68.1%, no religion 12%, Protestant 1.8%, and other 1% (2021)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 75.9 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 63.6 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 73.3 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 65.2 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 81.1 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $53,146 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +1.9% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- High income
- Gross national income per person
- $29,930 2025
- Inflation
- +2.3% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 60 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 2% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 18.3% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 66.6% 2025
- Unemployment
- 6.2% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 20.2% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 54.6% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 43.7% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 42.7% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- +1.2% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +3.5% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 0.8% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 22.4% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 33.9 2023
- Living on under $3 a day
- 0.4% 2023
Education
- Adult literacy
- 94.5% 2011
- Primary school enrolment
- 111% 2023
- Secondary school enrolment
- 120% 2023
- Higher education enrolment
- 77.7% 2023
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 4.6% 2022
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 10.2% 2024
- Health spending per person
- $2,971 2024
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 28.2% 2024
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 5.9 2022
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 8 2023
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 3.5 2022
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 99% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 2.7 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 3.2 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 15 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.5% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 10.5% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 54.7% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 28.6% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 99.3% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 99.7% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 99% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 0.7 2022
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 8.2 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 11.5 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 77.9 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes and volcanoes
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 8.8 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 3.3 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 5 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 36.7% 2024
- Protected areas
- 17.2% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 3,642 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 12.3% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 88.5% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 124 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 45.2 2024
- Internet domain
- .pt
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 5,460 2025
- Renewable share of energy use
- 32.3% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 64.9% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 17.7% 2025
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 18,288,977 2023
- Airports
- 128 2025
- Railways, km
- 2,526 2020
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 1.7% 2023
- Researchers per million people
- 5,983 2023
- Scientific articles per year
- 18,225 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 743 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 6.8% 2024