Peru
Country in Americas
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 34.6M (2025). World rank 48 of 216; in Americas, 7 of 46. Area: 1,285,216 km². World rank 21 of 249; in Americas, 7 of 56. GDP: $334.9B (2025). World rank 47 of 210; in Americas, 8 of 45. From 2015 to 2025: population 30.5M → 34.6M, GDP $189.8B → $334.9B, and GDP per person $6,232 → $9,684.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Peru
- Local name
- Piruw
- Capital
- Lima
- Region
- Americas
- Form of government
- Presidential republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Keiko Fujimori
- Independence
- July 28, 1821
- Women in parliament
- 41.5% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 34,576,665 2025
- Area
- 1,285,216 km²
- GDP
- $334.9B 2025
- GDP per person
- $9,684 2025
- Life expectancy
- 77.9 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Aymara, Quechua, Spanish
- Currency
- Peruvian Sol (PEN)
- Time zones
- UTC−5
- Calling code
- +51
- Emergency numbers
- 111, 911
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- A, B, C
- Mains voltage
- 220 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 2,414
- Neighbours
- Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador
- Agricultural land
- 19% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Huascarán, 6,746 m
- Lowest point
- Pacific Ocean, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 1,555
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 18
- Warmest month in the capital
- March, 20°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- July, 17°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 1,738 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 26.9 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +1% 2025
- Living in cities
- 85.6% 2025
- Net migration per year
- +11.9K 2025
- Born in another country
- 5.4% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 23.6% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 66.9% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 9.5% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 80.3 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 75.6 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 2 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 15.8 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 5.6 2024
Society
- Religions
- Catholic 76%, Protestant 15.7%, no religion 5.1%, and other 3.2% (2017)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 47.8 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 32.8 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 49.4 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 57.6 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 56.7 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $18,816 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +3.4% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $8,430 2025
- Inflation
- +1.5% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 52 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 7.5% 2024
- Industry, share of GDP
- 34.3% 2024
- Services, share of GDP
- 50.9% 2024
- Unemployment
- 5.1% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 9.4% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 65% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 30% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 21.9% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- +3.6% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +3.1% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 1.6% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 15.9% 2021
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 40.1 2024
- Living on under $3 a day
- 5.1% 2024
Education
- Adult literacy
- 93.7% 2024
- Primary school enrolment
- 113% 2024
- Secondary school enrolment
- 108% 2024
- Higher education enrolment
- 71.2% 2017
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 4.4% 2024
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 5.6% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $446 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 27% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 1.7 2023
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 2.7 2023
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 1.6 2023
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 89% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 11 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 12.9 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 51 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.4% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 6.4% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 68.1% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 12.4% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 95.6% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 78.8% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 93% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 8.6 2021
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 13.6 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 1.5 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 56.9 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, floods, and landslides
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 31.1 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 2 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 3 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 52.7% 2024
- Protected areas
- 16.5% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 49,021 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 4.8% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 82% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 125 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 11.7 2024
- Internet domain
- .pe
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 96.5% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 1,637 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 30.6% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 61.8% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 40% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 17,717,403 2023
- Airports
- 174 2025
- Railways, km
- 1,854 2017
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.2% 2023
- Scientific articles per year
- 5,242 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 214 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 5.2% 2024