North Macedonia
Country in Europe
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 1.8M (2025). World rank 151 of 216; in Europe, 34 of 48. Area: 25,713 km². World rank 150 of 249; in Europe, 35 of 52. GDP: $19.1B (2025). World rank 137 of 210; in Europe, 39 of 47. From 2015 to 2025: population 1.9M → 1.8M, GDP $10.1B → $19.1B, and GDP per person $5,263 → $10,490.
State
- Official name
- Republic of North Macedonia
- Local name
- Македонија
- Capital
- Skopje
- Region
- Europe
- Form of government
- Parliamentary republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova
- Head of government
- Hristijan Mickoski
- Independence
- September 8, 1991
- Women in parliament
- 39.2% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 1,820,909 2025
- Area
- 25,713 km²
- GDP
- $19.1B 2025
- GDP per person
- $10,490 2025
- Life expectancy
- 76.6 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Macedonian
- Currency
- Macedonian Denar (MKD)
- Time zones
- UTC+2
- Calling code
- +389
- Emergency numbers
- 112, 192, 193, 194
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- C, F
- Mains voltage
- 230 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Landlocked
- Coastline, km
- 0
- Neighbours
- Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, Serbia
- Agricultural land
- 49.2% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Korab, 2,764 m
- Lowest point
- Vardar River, 50 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 741
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 11
- Warmest month in the capital
- August, 23°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, -1°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 619 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 70.8 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- -0.2% 2025
- Living in cities
- 62.9% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -5.6K 2025
- Born in another country
- 8.3% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 16.5% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 65% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 18.5% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 78.9 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 74.5 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.4 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 8.8 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 11.1 2024
Society
- Religions
- Orthodox 46.1%, Muslim 32.2%, other Christian 13.2%, and other 7.2% (2021)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 56.3 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 42 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 56.4 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 63.3 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 61.3 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $28,029 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +3.5% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $9,490 2025
- Inflation
- +4.1% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 37 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 6% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 24.1% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 57% 2025
- Unemployment
- 12.3% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 28.8% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 42.7% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 59.7% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 73.4% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- -4.3% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +3.5% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 2.5% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 18.8% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 33.5 2019
- Living on under $3 a day
- 3.9% 2019
Education
- Adult literacy
- 96.1% 2002
- Primary school enrolment
- 96.3% 2023
- Secondary school enrolment
- 90.1% 2023
- Higher education enrolment
- 55% 2023
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 3.3% 2002
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 7.4% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $639 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 39.6% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 2.9 2022
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 5.5 2022
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 4.7 2021
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 73% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 2.5 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 2.8 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 3 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.1% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 7.4% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 61.8% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 39.6% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 98.2% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 99% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 87% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 1.5 2023
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 5.1 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 5.8 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 72.2 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 21.8 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 4 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 5.4 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 40.8% 2024
- Protected areas
- 29% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 2,948 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 52.6% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 93.1% 2025
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 108 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 29.9 2024
- Internet domain
- .mk
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 3,301 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 19.5% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 31% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 60.6% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 86,868 2009
- Airports
- 13 2025
- Railways, km
- 699 2020
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.4% 2024
- Researchers per million people
- 888 2024
- Scientific articles per year
- 499 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 25 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 6.4% 2024