Ireland

Country in Europe

In brief

Access to electricity: 100% (2024). World rank 1 of 214 (1 = best); in Europe, 1 of 47. Air passengers per year: 192.5M (2023). World rank 3 of 163; in Europe, 1 of 38. High-tech share of manufactured exports: 53.5% (2024). World rank 8 of 170; in Europe, 2 of 40. From 2015 to 2025: electricity use 5,761 → 6,497 (kWh per person) and electricity from fossil fuels 70.8% → 49.5%. Better than all its neighbours (United Kingdom): using the internet and renewable share of energy use. Worse than all its neighbours (United Kingdom): home broadband per 100 people, electricity from renewables, research spending, and electricity from fossil fuels.

Internet and communications

Using the internet: 97.2% 2024
Mobile subscriptions per 100 people: 113 2024
Home broadband per 100 people: 32.3 2024
Internet domain: .ie

Energy

Access to electricity: 100% 2024
Electricity use, kWh per person: 6,497 2025
Renewable share of energy use: 12.7% 2021
Electricity from renewables: 37.2% 2021
Electricity from fossil fuels: 49.5% 2025
Mains voltage: 230 V
Plug types: G

Transport

Driving side: Left
Air passengers per year: 192,528,432 2023
Airports: 100 2025
Railways, km: 1,688 2020

Science and innovation

Research spending, share of GDP: 1.6% 2023
Researchers per million people: 5,753 2023
Scientific articles per year: 8,720 2023
Patent applications by residents: 68 2024
High-tech share of manufactured exports: 53.5% 2024