Indonesia
Country in Asia
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 285.7M (2025). World rank 4 of 216; in Asia, 3 of 49. Area: 1,904,569 km². World rank 16 of 249; in Asia, 5 of 50. GDP: $1.4T (2025). World rank 17 of 210; in Asia, 6 of 47. From 2015 to 2025: population 261.8M → 285.7M, GDP $860.9B → $1.4T, and GDP per person $3,288 → $5,060.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Indonesia
- Local name
- Indonesia
- Capital
- Jakarta
- Region
- Asia
- Form of government
- Presidential republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Prabowo Subianto
- Head of government
- Prabowo Subianto
- Independence
- August 17, 1945
- Women in parliament
- 21.9% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 285,721,236 2025
- Area
- 1,904,569 km²
- GDP
- $1.4T 2025
- GDP per person
- $5,060 2025
- Life expectancy
- 71.3 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Indonesian
- Currency
- Indonesian Rupiah (IDR)
- Time zones
- UTC+7, UTC+8, UTC+9
- Calling code
- +62
- Emergency numbers
- 112
- Driving side
- Left
- Plug types
- C, F
- Mains voltage
- 127 / 230 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 54,716
- Neighbours
- Timor-Leste, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea
- Agricultural land
- 28.9% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Puncak Jaya, 4,884 m
- Lowest point
- Indian Ocean, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 367
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 27
- Warmest month in the capital
- October, 28°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- February, 27°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 2,702 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 150 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +0.8% 2025
- Living in cities
- 59.4% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -39.5K 2025
- Born in another country
- 0.2% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 24.3% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 68.2% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 7.5% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 73.4 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 69.2 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 2.1 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 15.8 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 7.6 2024
Society
- Religions
- Muslim 87.4%, Protestant 7.5%, Catholic 3.1%, and Hindu 1.7% (2022)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 54.4 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 37.7 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 57.6 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 57.3 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 54.7 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $17,660 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +5.1% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $5,120 2025
- Inflation
- +1.9% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 29 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 13.1% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 38.7% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 43.9% 2025
- Unemployment
- 3.2% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 13% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 53.7% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 22.9% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 20.5% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- -0.1% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +1.6% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 1.2% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 11.1% 2009
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 34.4 2025
- Living on under $3 a day
- 3.7% 2025
Education
- Adult literacy
- 96% 2020
- Primary school enrolment
- 100% 2025
- Secondary school enrolment
- 97.2% 2025
- Higher education enrolment
- 44.9% 2023
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 1.3% 2023
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 2.7% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $132 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 31.1% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 0.5 2023
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 3.2 2023
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 1.4 2023
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 85% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 15.2 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 17.7 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 140 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.4% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 11.3% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 38.1% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 31% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 89% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 88.2% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 90% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 0.3 2022
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 11.3 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 1.2 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 52.7 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, floods, droughts, and wildfires
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 20.8 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 2.9 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 4.7 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 50.7% 2024
- Protected areas
- 5.2% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 7,240 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 29.7% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 72.8% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 123 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 4.9 2024
- Internet domain
- .id
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 99.9% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 1,611 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 20.2% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 15.5% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 85.1% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 97,045,785 2023
- Airports
- 556 2025
- Railways, km
- 8,159 2014
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.3% 2020
- Researchers per million people
- 395 2020
- Scientific articles per year
- 38,992 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 1,931 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 8.7% 2024