Djibouti
Country in Africa
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 1.2M (2025). World rank 160 of 216; in Africa, 50 of 54. Area: 23,200 km². World rank 151 of 249; in Africa, 48 of 59. Life expectancy: 66.2 years (2024). World rank 185 of 216 (1 = best); in Africa, 25 of 54. From 2015 to 2025: population 1M → 1.2M, GDP $2.4B → $4.6B, and GDP per person $2,376 → $3,906.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Djibouti
- Local name
- جيبوتي
- Capital
- Djibouti
- Region
- Africa
- Form of government
- Presidential republic
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Ismail Omar Guelleh
- Head of government
- Abdoulkader Kamil Mohamed
- Independence
- June 27, 1977
- Women in parliament
- 26.2% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 1,184,076 2025
- Area
- 23,200 km²
- GDP
- $4.6B 2025
- GDP per person
- $3,906 2025
- Life expectancy
- 66.2 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Arabic, French
- Currency
- Djiboutian Franc (DJF)
- Time zones
- UTC+3
- Calling code
- +253
- Emergency numbers
- 17, 18, 19
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- C, E
- Mains voltage
- 220 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 314
- Neighbours
- Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia
- Agricultural land
- 73.5% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Mousa Ali, 2,021 m
- Lowest point
- Lake Assal, -155 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 430
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 29
- Warmest month in the capital
- July, 34°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, 24°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 220 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 51 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +1.3% 2025
- Living in cities
- 73% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -581 2025
- Born in another country
- 10.8% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 28.8% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 66.2% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 5% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 68.7 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 63.7 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 2.6 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 20.9 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 7.5 2024
Society
- Religions
- Muslim 94% and other 6%
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 41.8 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 29.3 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 41.5 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 40.5 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 33.4 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $8,452 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +6.5% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Lower-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $3,960 2025
- Inflation
- -0.3% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 46 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 2.3% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 16.6% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 75.7% 2025
- Unemployment
- 26% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 76.8% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 19.4% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 110% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 95.8% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- +14.7% 2024
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +3.2% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 1.4% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 41.6 2017
- Living on under $3 a day
- 25.4% 2017
Education
- Higher education enrolment
- 5.2% 2011
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 3.8% 2018
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 2.3% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $78 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 28.8% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 0.2 2022
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 0.2 2022
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 1.4 2018
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 75% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 43 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 48.9 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 162 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.9% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 6.5% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 29.8% 2022
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 79.7% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 67% 2023
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 46% 2024
Safety
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 23.5 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 8 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 57.1 2025
- Natural hazards
- earthquakes, volcanoes, floods, and droughts
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 40.3 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 0.8 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 2.1 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 0.3% 2024
- Protected areas
- 1.2% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 264 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 6.3% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 65.3% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 48 2023
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 1.5 2023
- Internet domain
- .dj
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 69.2% 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 26.9% 2022
- Electricity from renewables
- 35.4% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 64.7% 2021
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 130,500 1991
- Airports
- 10 2025
- Railways, km
- 97 2017
Science and innovation
- Scientific articles per year
- 17 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 3 2021
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 3.3% 2023