Cuba
Country in Americas
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 10.9M (2025). World rank 87 of 216; in Americas, 16 of 46. Area: 109,884 km². World rank 107 of 249; in Americas, 19 of 56. Life expectancy: 78.3 years (2024). World rank 65 of 216 (1 = best); in Americas, 12 of 46. From 2015 to 2025: population 11.3M → 10.9M.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Cuba
- Local name
- Cuba
- Capital
- Havana
- Region
- Americas
- Form of government
- Communist party-led state
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Miguel Díaz-Canel
- Head of government
- Manuel Marrero Cruz
- Independence
- May 20, 1902
- Women in parliament
- 55.7% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 10,937,203 2025
- Area
- 109,884 km²
- GDP
- $107.4B 2020
- GDP per person
- $9,605 2020
- Life expectancy
- 78.3 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Spanish
- Currency
- Cuban Convertible Peso (CUC), Cuban Peso (CUP)
- Time zones
- UTC−4
- Calling code
- +53
- Emergency numbers
- 104, 105, 106
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- A, B
- Mains voltage
- 110 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 3,735
- Neighbours
- None
- Agricultural land
- 61.7% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Pico Turquino, 1,974 m
- Lowest point
- Caribbean Sea, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 108
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 26
- Warmest month in the capital
- August, 29°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, 22°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 1,335 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 99.5 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- -0.4% 2025
- Living in cities
- 77.2% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -22.2K 2025
- Born in another country
- 0% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 15% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 67.9% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 17% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 80.7 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 75.9 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.5 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 8.6 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 10.4 2024
Society
- Religions
- Christian 58.9%, no religion 23.2%, and folk religions 17.6% (2020)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 40.8 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 33.4 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 44.2 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 28.3 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 28.1 2025
Size and growth
- GDP growth per year
- -1.1% 2024
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $9,010 2019
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 1.2% 2024
- Industry, share of GDP
- 23.9% 2024
- Services, share of GDP
- 73.4% 2024
- Unemployment
- 1.8% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 4.3% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 40% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 42.5% 2024
- Imports, share of GDP
- 82.4% 2024
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- 0% 2020
Education
- Adult literacy
- 97.7% 2019
- Primary school enrolment
- 98.1% 2024
- Secondary school enrolment
- 91.8% 2024
- Higher education enrolment
- 43.1% 2024
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 8.4% 2022
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 9.4% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $1,199 2020
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 16.6% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 9.5 2021
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 7.6 2020
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 4.3 2023
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 99% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 6.8 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 8.6 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 35 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.6% 2024
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 9.4% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 55.6% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 16.1% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 95.2% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 94.8% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 96% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 4.5 2019
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 8.9 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 13.8 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 71 2025
- Natural hazards
- tropical cyclones and droughts
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 9.5 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 1.9 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 3.3 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 34.9% 2024
- Protected areas
- 6.9% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 3,447 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 23.9% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 70.5% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 73 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 3.1 2024
- Internet domain
- .cu
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 1,373 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 20.9% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 4.8% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 96.3% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 136,998 2023
- Airports
- 120 2025
- Railways, km
- 8,367 2017
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.4% 2024
- Researchers per million people
- 2,171 2024
- Scientific articles per year
- 1,217 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 12 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 7.9% 2022