Canada
Country in Americas
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 41.7M (2025). World rank 38 of 216; in Americas, 6 of 46. Area: 9,984,670 km². World rank 3 of 249; in Americas, 1 of 56. GDP: $2.3T (2025). World rank 10 of 210; in Americas, 2 of 45. From 2015 to 2025: population 35.7M → 41.7M, GDP $1.6T → $2.3T, and GDP per person $43,594 → $55,698. Better than all its neighbours (United States): life expectancy. Worse than all its neighbours (United States): GDP per person.
State
- Official name
- Canada
- Local name
- Canada
- Capital
- Ottawa
- Region
- Americas
- Form of government
- Federal parliamentary monarchy
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Charles III
- Head of government
- Mark Carney
- Women in parliament
- 30.3% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 41,651,653 2025
- Area
- 9,984,670 km²
- GDP
- $2.3T 2025
- GDP per person
- $55,698 2025
- Life expectancy
- 82.1 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- English, French
- Currency
- Canadian Dollar (CAD)
- Time zones
- UTC−7 – UTC−2:30
- Calling code
- +1
- Emergency numbers
- 911
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- A, B
- Mains voltage
- 120 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Has a coastline
- Coastline, km
- 202,080
- Neighbours
- United States
- Agricultural land
- 6.5% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Mount Logan, 5,959 m
- Lowest point
- Arctic Ocean, 0 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 487
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 6
- Warmest month in the capital
- July, 21°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, -11°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 537 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 4.2 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- +0.9% 2025
- Living in cities
- 82.9% 2025
- Net migration per year
- +326.2K 2025
- Born in another country
- 22.2% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 15% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 64.8% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 20.3% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 84.3 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 80 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.3 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 8.9 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 7.9 2024
Society
- Religions
- Christian 53.3%, no religion 34.6%, Muslim 4.9%, Hindu 2.3%, and Sikh 2.1% (2021)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 83 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 80.2 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 88.3 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 80.3 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 85.2 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $66,746 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +1.7% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- High income
- Gross national income per person
- $56,420 2025
- Inflation
- +2.1% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 84 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 1.9% 2022
- Industry, share of GDP
- 27.4% 2022
- Services, share of GDP
- 64.1% 2022
- Unemployment
- 6.9% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 13.8% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 60.2% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 31.3% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 32.2% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- -1% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +3% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 0% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 13.7% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 31.5 2022
- Living on under $3 a day
- 0.3% 2022
Education
- Primary school enrolment
- 95% 2023
- Secondary school enrolment
- 104% 2023
- Higher education enrolment
- 76.3% 2023
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 4.8% 2022
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 11.3% 2024
- Health spending per person
- $6,378 2024
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 15.3% 2024
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 2.8 2023
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 11.3 2023
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 2.5 2022
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 92% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 4.7 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 5.4 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 12 2023
- HIV prevalence, ages 15–49
- 0.1% 2022
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 7.7% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 59.2% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 11.2% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 98.3% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 98.6% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 100% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 2 2023
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 5.3 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 9.4 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 79.8 2025
- Natural hazards
- volcanoes
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 6.6 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 14 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 18.6 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 42% 2024
- Protected areas
- 11.6% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 73,170 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 3.7% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 94.3% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 94 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 42.5 2024
- Internet domain
- .ca
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 14,655 2025
- Renewable share of energy use
- 23.8% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 67% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 21.7% 2025
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 88,618,000 2023
- Airports
- 1,459 2025
- Railways, km
- 49,422 2021
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 1.8% 2024
- Researchers per million people
- 5,624 2022
- Scientific articles per year
- 63,720 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 4,304 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 16.1% 2024