Belarus
Country in Europe
CountryScope
In brief
Population: 9.1M (2025). World rank 99 of 216; in Europe, 19 of 48. Area: 207,600 km². World rank 87 of 249; in Europe, 13 of 52. GDP: $93.4B (2025). World rank 81 of 210; in Europe, 29 of 47. From 2015 to 2025: population 9.5M → 9.1M, GDP $56.5B → $93.4B, and GDP per person $5,967 → $10,279.
State
- Official name
- Republic of Belarus
- Local name
- Белару́сь
- Capital
- Minsk
- Region
- Europe
- Form of government
- Authoritarian regime
- UN member
- Yes
- Head of state
- Alexander Lukashenka
- Head of government
- Alexander Turchyn
- Independence
- August 25, 1991
- Women in parliament
- 33.9% 2025
Key figures
- Population
- 9,085,991 2025
- Area
- 207,600 km²
- GDP
- $93.4B 2025
- GDP per person
- $10,279 2025
- Life expectancy
- 74.4 years 2024
Practical information
- Languages
- Belarusian, Russian
- Currency
- Belarusian Ruble (BYN)
- Time zones
- UTC+3
- Calling code
- +375
- Emergency numbers
- 101, 102, 103
- Driving side
- Right
- Plug types
- C, F
- Mains voltage
- 220 V
Territory
- Sea access
- Landlocked
- Coastline, km
- 0
- Neighbours
- Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Ukraine
- Agricultural land
- 39.1% 2024
Elevation
- Highest point
- Dziaržynkaja hara, 346 m
- Lowest point
- Nyoman River, 90 m
- Mean elevation, m
- 160
Climate
- Average temperature in the capital, °C
- 6
- Warmest month in the capital
- July, 19°C
- Coldest month in the capital
- January, -8°C
- Precipitation, mm per year
- 618 2022
Population and migration
- Population density
- 43.8 per km² 2025
- Population growth per year
- -0.5% 2025
- Living in cities
- 79.5% 2025
- Net migration per year
- -3K 2025
- Born in another country
- 11.6% 2024
Age and life expectancy
- Aged 0–14
- 15.9% 2025
- Aged 15–64
- 65.8% 2025
- Aged 65 and over
- 18.3% 2025
- Life expectancy, women
- 79.2 years 2024
- Life expectancy, men
- 69.7 years 2024
Births and deaths
- Children per woman
- 1.2 2024
- Births per 1,000 people
- 7 2024
- Deaths per 1,000 people
- 13.1 2024
Society
- Religions
- Orthodox 48.3%, no religion 41.1%, Catholic 7.1%, and other 3.5% (2011)
Quality of governance (100 = best)
- Rule of law, score 0–100
- 38.4 2025
- Control of corruption, score 0–100
- 36.5 2025
- Government effectiveness, score 0–100
- 36 2025
- Regulatory quality, score 0–100
- 33.8 2025
- Voice and accountability, score 0–100
- 25.8 2025
Size and growth
- GDP per person at purchasing power parity
- $34,716 2025
- GDP growth per year
- +1.3% 2025
Income and prices
- Income level (World Bank)
- Upper-middle income
- Gross national income per person
- $9,160 2025
- Inflation
- +6.6% 2025
- Price level, USA = 100
- 30 2025
Structure and jobs
- Agriculture, share of GDP
- 6.9% 2025
- Industry, share of GDP
- 31.6% 2025
- Services, share of GDP
- 50% 2025
- Unemployment
- 3.4% 2025
- Youth unemployment, ages 15–24
- 9.2% 2025
- Women in work or seeking work
- 56.8% 2025
Trade and finance
- Exports, share of GDP
- 55.1% 2025
- Imports, share of GDP
- 57% 2025
- Current account balance, share of GDP
- -1.2% 2025
- Foreign direct investment, share of GDP
- +1.8% 2025
- Remittances received, share of GDP
- 2.5% 2025
- Tax revenue, share of GDP
- 13% 2024
Poverty and inequality
- Gini index (0 = full equality)
- 24.4 2020
- Living on under $3 a day
- 0% 2020
Education
- Adult literacy
- 99.9% 2019
- Primary school enrolment
- 96.8% 2024
- Secondary school enrolment
- 94.8% 2024
- Higher education enrolment
- 70.1% 2024
- Public spending on education, share of GDP
- 5% 2024
Healthcare
- Health spending, share of GDP
- 7.1% 2023
- Health spending per person
- $558 2023
- Out-of-pocket health spending, share of total
- 28.5% 2023
- Doctors per 1,000 people
- 4.7 2023
- Nurses and midwives per 1,000 people
- 10.8 2023
- Hospital beds per 1,000 people
- 9.8 2023
- Children vaccinated against measles
- 98% 2024
Public health
- Infant deaths per 1,000 births
- 1.8 2024
- Deaths under age 5 per 1,000 births
- 2.3 2024
- Maternal deaths per 100,000 births
- 1 2023
- Diabetes prevalence, ages 20–79
- 5.1% 2024
- Overweight adults
- 55.4% 2022
- Adults who use tobacco
- 29.2% 2024
Living conditions
- Access to safe drinking water
- 99.9% 2024
- Access to basic sanitation
- 99.8% 2024
- Access to clean cooking fuels
- 100% 2024
Safety
- Homicides per 100,000 people
- 2.4 2019
- Road deaths per 100,000 people
- 7.6 2019
- Suicides per 100,000 people
- 15.6 2021
- Political stability and absence of violence, score 0–100
- 62.6 2025
Air and emissions
- Air pollution PM2.5, µg/m³
- 12 2023
- CO₂ emissions, tonnes per person
- 5.9 2024
- All greenhouse gases, tonnes CO₂e per person
- 9.6 2024
Nature and water
- Forest cover
- 44.1% 2024
- Protected areas
- 9.2% 2025
- Renewable fresh water, m³ per person
- 3,684 2022
- Water stress, share of fresh water withdrawn
- 4.7% 2022
Internet and communications
- Using the internet
- 94.3% 2024
- Mobile subscriptions per 100 people
- 131 2024
- Home broadband per 100 people
- 36.3 2024
- Internet domain
- .by
Energy
- Access to electricity
- 100% 2024
- Electricity use, kWh per person
- 4,415 2024
- Renewable share of energy use
- 8.2% 2021
- Electricity from renewables
- 3.2% 2021
- Electricity from fossil fuels
- 61.4% 2024
Transport
- Air passengers per year
- 1,322,490 2023
- Airports
- 46 2025
- Railways, km
- 5,528 2014
Science and innovation
- Research spending, share of GDP
- 0.6% 2024
- Researchers per million people
- 1,568 2024
- Scientific articles per year
- 1,429 2023
- Patent applications by residents
- 256 2024
- High-tech share of manufactured exports
- 6% 2021